Comparison of TCP/IP and OSI Reference Model: Similarities ; both the reference mode have layered structures and the layers provide similar...
Similarities; both the reference mode have layered structures and the layers provide similar functionalities. For e.g.; in both models the layers above transport layer are application- oriented users of the transport service. Apart, both are protocol stack and reference models. Despite these similarities, the two models also have various differences. The key differences between the two reference models are examined below;
The above listed out table deals with various clarifications in comparison to their differences & similarities, the OSI reference model is generic, protocol independent standard and acts as communication medium between the network and end user whereas, TCP/IP model is standard protocol around which internet has developed. It is a communication protocol that allows connection of hosts over a network. The OSI model consists of seven layers and follows vertical approach whereas, TCP/IP consists of four layers and follows horizontal approach. In OSI model transport layer is connection oriented but in TCP/IP model transport layer is both connection oriented and connection less. Likewise, in OSI model protocols are hidden and are easily replaceable with the change in technology but in TCP/IP model replacing protocol is not easy and can't be easily changed.
In OSI model, the two layers (Session & Presentation) are nearly empty, whereas two other ones (data & network layer) are overfull. Along with this problem some more functions, such as addressing, flow control, and error control, reappear again and again in each layer. Alike OSI model, TCP/IP models and protocols have problems too as it does not clearly explain the concepts of services, interfaces and protocols stack other than TCP/IP.
How following protocols enable effectiveness of networked system:
1. TCP/IP: It is very important in enabling effectiveness of network because data is broken down into packets. Then the packet is travelled from router over the internet according to the ip protocol.
2. UDP: it is very important in enabling effectiveness of the networked system. Data is sent to another networked host by UDP based application. An eight-byte header containing the destination and source port number is added by it. The total length and a checksum is added by UDP. On header is added by it on top of its diagram to form an ip datagram.
3. Http: this also help in effective network. It helps to communicate between client and server. Browser is client and server like apache, iis acts as a web server in http. The server which hosts the files responses to the client.
4. Ftp: it also help in effective network. Users are identified on an ftp sites by their user ids by it. A session is created by ftp client and server software after you are logged on. It helps in accessing to the file system on the server. Character like commands and the remote computer (the server) with numbers that are interpreted by the local computer.
5. SMTP: it helps in effective network. It is based on client-server model. It is used to send email. At first tcp/connection is connected. The sender acts as client wait for the receiver acting as server to talk first. Server starts to send line of text giving its identity and prepared to receive mail. And then the client confirms the destination and sender. So then the email are sent by the client and the server acknowledge it.
6. DNS: it also take main role in creating effective network. What it does is when we search any site then it converts the name of the site into ip address and match it with the database and then open it.
7. DHCP: it also play a vital role in effective network. What it does is it sends the ip address automatically to all the clients so that a secure connectivity is arise in order to share data and resources efficiently. In this way the different protocol works and enable the effectiveness of then networked system and also in this way the common networking principles of OSI layer is compared.
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